“可生物降解润滑油和生物基润滑油有什么区别？”

Because environmentally friendly lubricants are somewhat new and not as clearly defined as other lubrication concepts, many people struggle with certain terms such as bio-based and biodegradable. When discussing these types of lubricants, it is imperative to apply the proper terminology and to understand why these words should not be used interchangeably.

因为环保润滑油是一些新的，不像其他润滑概念那样明确的定义，许多人努力使用某些术语，如生物基和可生物降解。在讨论这些类型的润滑油时，必须应用适当的术语，并理解为什么这些词不应该互换使用。

Bio-based Lubricants生物基润滑油

The term bio-based specifies the origin of a lubricant. This involves the annually renewable raw material utilized to construct the lubricant’s base stock. Some examples of these base stock materials would be soybean, rapeseed and sunflower products. These base stocks can offer good lubricity, flash point and viscosity index properties but often are inferior in regard to their oxidation stability. Although their usage is not widespread, they have their place in certain hydraulics, total-loss systems and environmentally sensitive areas.

生物基这个术语指定了润滑剂的来源。这包括每年的可再生原材料，用于构建润滑油的基础油。这些基本油材料的可能将是大豆、油菜籽和葵花籽产品。这些基础油可以提供良好的润滑性、闪点和粘度指数性能，但其氧化稳定性往往较差。虽然它们的使用并不广泛，但它们在某些液压、全损失系统和环境敏感领域也有一席之地。

Biodegradable Lubricants可生物降解润滑油

Just as what characterizes bio-based lubricants centers on the front end of the lubricant’s creation, what identifies biodegradable lubricants is more focused on the back end. It considers how the environment has a tendency to break down the lubricant, if exposed, as well as the function and timeframe for this breakdown to occur.

就像生物基润滑油的特征集中在润滑油创造的前端一样，识别生物降解润滑油更集中在后端。它考虑了如果暴露，环境如何有分解润滑油的倾向，以及该分解发生的功能和时间框架。

The ASTM D6064 standard defines biodegradability as “a function of degree of degradation, time and test methodology.” Other terms generally used to describe a lubricant’s level of biodegradability are “readily biodegradable” or “primary degradation” and “inherently biodegradable” or “ultimate degradation.”

ASTM D6064标准将生物降解性定义为“降解程度、时间和测试方法的函数”。其他通常用来描述润滑剂生物降解水平的术语是“容易可降解”或“初级降解”和“固有的可降解”或“最终降解”。

Primary degradation measures the reduction in the carbon-hydrogen bond and is determined with infrared spectroscopy. Ultimate degradation assesses the evolution of carbon dioxide through the degradation process. The ASTM D5864 standard is one of the most common methods for verifying this level of biodegradability.

初级降解测量了碳-氢键的还原，并通过红外光谱法测定。最终的降解评估了二氧化碳通过降解过程的演变。ASTM D5864 标准是验证这种水平的生物降解性的最常见的方法之一。

The Differences区别

It is important to understand the differences between biodegradable and bio-based lubricants. While some lubricants may be bio-based, this does not necessarily make them biodegradable. This is true for a couple of reasons. First, a bio-based lubricant might not be the only base stock in the lubricating oil. Second, in rare occasions, the bio-based base stock, though agrarian in nature, may not be biodegradable. On the other hand, some synthetic base stock lubricating oils can offer biodegradable benefits as well.

了解生物降解和生物基润滑油的区别是很重要的。虽然一些润滑油可能是生物基的，但这并不一定会使它们成为可生物降解的。这是真的，有几个原因。首先，生物基润滑剂可能不是润滑油中唯一的基本油。第二，在极少数情况下，生物基碱基础油，虽然本质上是农作物，但可能不能生物降解。另一方面，一些合成碱基础油润滑油也可以提供可生物降解的好处。

By recognizing these differences and knowing that specific test parameters exist to determine whether a lubricant is biodegradable, you should be able to apply the proper terms when discussing environmentally friendly lubricants.

通过认识到这些差异，并知道存在特定的测试参数来确定润滑剂是否可生物降解，你应该能够在讨论环保润滑油时使用适当的术语。

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